jcd11235

Which sources, exactly, would a hyper-informed citizen like yourself recommend? Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Hey, fully 50% of Americans have IQ < 100 As would be the case in any country. It's a median score; not an average. Oooh, I never thought of that! Actually there are minor differences between nations: iq-research.info/en/average-iq-by-country Wow! That range is greater than -2.7/+0.5 standard deviations! Those are more than minor differences. They are much larger than anything I would have expected. In fact, I'd be hesitant to trust those numbers without first trying to understand what steps were taken to limit cultural bias in the tests. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Whew. That's good to know. Good. So now you understand why, given the context, your comment "It's a median score; not an average."was nonsensical? Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Yes. In a sample the equality is approximate. In the population, the equality is exact. You'd need to specify to which tail you're referring, right or left, but it sounds like you get the general idea. Be careful not to attribute the effects of random noise in the sample to unconfirmed characteristics of the population. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Because it's a symmetric distribution, 100 is both the median and mean, er, average. I'm sure that sounded good to you. The median is the value of the "middle-valued" observation. If we had a sample of 101, we would order the observations by value, and the observation in the 51st position would be the median. If our sample size was even, 100 for instance, we would order the observations, and the median would be the midpoint between the values of the observations in the 50th and 51st positions. The mean is defined as the sum of all observations divided by the count of all observations. Distributions have shapes. Samples tend to be shaped like the distributions of the populations from which they come. (When this isn't the case, we say the sample is not representative of the population.) The shape of a sample is most easily observed with a histogram. Some distributions are asymmetric. If you look at the distribution of values greater than the median (or mean), it has a different shape than the distribution of values less than the median (or mean). Most gamma distributions, for example, are not symmetric. Some distributions are symmetric. Examples include the uniform distribution, where any value between maximum value a and minimum value b is equally likely. Another example is the normal distribution, whose shape is the famous bell curve. For such distributions, the distribution of the values greater than the median is a mirror-image of the shape of the distribution of values less than the median. A property of symmetric distributions is that the mean and the median are equal. Intelligence quotient scores have an approximately normal distribution that is symmetric, thus their mean and median are the equal. TL;DR Because it's a symmetric distribution, 100 is both the median and mean, er, average. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

A source perhaps, but they are certainly not an unbiased source. "These media sources are moderately to strongly biased toward conservative causes through story selection and/or political affiliation. They may utilize strong loaded words (wording that attempts to influence an audience by using appeal to emotion or stereotypes), publish misleading reports and omit reporting of information that may damage conservative causes. " Source Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Because it's a symmetric distribution, 100 is both the median and mean, er, average. I infer from the professor's comment that he is well aware of the central tendencies of the distribution of intelligence quotient. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

There had better be a damn good reason for impeachment with broad support from both parties if that is what happens. As bad as Trump is a clearer picture will emerge on the future after the mid-terms. If the House changes hands and Trump is impeached with D only action it will be very bad for America. And it will be futile because there will be no conviction in the Senate. Elections have consequences. Agreed. But it is not outside the realm of plausibility that the running-mate was involved in campaign shenanigans, like so many others closely involved the campaign. If that turn out to be the case, I expect him to be held accountable. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

I'd wait for the Mueller investigation to play out before we declare Pence the 46th POTUS. It's neither impossible nor implausible that he is impeached/resigns before it's all said and done. Don't get me wrong, he may have just been duped by his running mate and campaign staffers, but he may have been involved like others. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

It's kind of ironic, considering that she may well have been McCain's way of sabotaging his own campaign when not permitted by his party to select Lieberman as a running mate. I doubt very seriously that he considered the possibility that she would define the new norm for the GOP. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Seems like a bad plan for Trump to remove the stick that ensures privileged information remains secret. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

And none killed, except the shooter. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Explain the lobster? Explain the prostate! Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

The hacker's assumption should be that most people aren't going to take Randall's advice, retaining much less secure passwords, making tailoring an attack algorithm to passphrases an inefficient strategy. True. If you can easily remember 30 random characters, that's definitely the best strategy. Most people, including me, can't memorize a string of 30 random characters nearly as easily as 4-6 random words. Consequently, most people create passwords that really aren't that secure. A passphrase would be better for them. Feel free to keep using 30 random characters, though. That is more secure. It actually doesn't surprise me that you can do it, but I would argue that you're an outlier. That would be a poor and time consuming strategy. Those would be nowhere near the low hanging fruit, and not quickly defeated. 20,000 words is a reasonable floor, with random lengths. Four to six words is pretty easy to memorize. Eight to ten not so hard, compared to a similarly secure password of random characters. If you're trying to crack passwords, you'd have much faster success targeting the kinds of passwords Randall advocates replacing. Randall wasn't selling a passphrase as the ultimate password strategy. He was offering it as a more secure, easier to remember alternative to predictable modifications to single words, which is what many people use, and are sometimes encouraged to use by bad password policies. My own strategy is different from anything either of us has thus far mentioned, and more secure (albeit frequently incompatible with policy), but Randall's strategy is sound, even if suboptimal. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Yes, you do. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

The software would have no reason to restrict itself to dictionary words unless password requirements only allowed combinations of words. Without that information, password length is the most important barrier to defeat by force. Even if it only looks for dictionary words, the typical (English speaking) adults know in excess of 20,000 words. That's about 6.4 * 10^25 different passphrases of four, five, or six words. What makes no sense is disallowing "horse" as part of a password because that combination of characters is a dictionary word. That allows an attack algorithm to be designed for which some combinations can be eliminated with absolute certainty without being tried. Similarly, requiring particular classes of characters to be used makes it very easy for an algorithm to know a character combination is not a valid password. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Gotta love outdated password requirements. My work password, despite being strong, is substantially less secure than the passwords for my personal devices and most important non-work accounts, precisely because it has ridiculous rules and must be changed regularly. ETA: Of course, Randall has already addressed this issue. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Then why has no one in the thread, or history, been able to provide any such evidence? Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

You've presented nothing remotely resembling a proof in this thread. ***The key is to understand that a spiritual component of life exists and it can be studied. That's a wholly unsupported assertion. Please identify the anomalies in observed data that are most plausibly explained by spirit. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Of course, without their smart phones, they'll never be able to calculate the difference as 25 percent. Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

That's funny. It reads more like someone not exploiting the attack in order to proclaim, "I told you so!" Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

None of those things are evidence of the existence of a supreme being (or even a lesser god). Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Are you referring to the nearly continual smear campaign that goes back to 1992 or earlier? Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

Have you ever noticed how some people like to play the victim when backed into a logical corner? And you do realize that CS Lewis does not constitute evidence, right? Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!

How can you know that before you've provided any evidence? Math tutoring available. Only $6! per hour! First lesson: Factorials!