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turtlespeed

Geneva Convention

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So, question, if an entity or individual (Not Government or Military) commits an act that is against the geneva convention, what should happen to that individual or entity?

Jail? Fines? Is it considered a war crime?
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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So, question, if an entity or individual commits an act that is against the geneva convention, what should happen to that individual or entity?

Jail? Fines? Is it considered a war crime?



Tried (Court Martial) by the US military under the rules of UCMJ (Uniformed Code of Military Justice). If found guilty, they should be sentenced with punishment deemed appropriate by the military. The punishment, as in US civilian court, depends on the severity of the crime. The military tends to be pretty harsh, however, and they probably won't get cut much slack.

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What if it was a non governmental - non military person or entity?

I'll revise my initial post.
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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What if it was a non governmental - non military person or entity?

I'll revise my initial post.



Interesting question. That's different. If a US civilian goes to another country, he/she is subject to their laws and punishment. I don't believe the Geneva Convention would apply. Those persons acting on their own behalf and not representing our government could be open to some serious stuff. Right? Correct me if I'm wrong. Case in point: Whe Ross Perot sent his employees over for the EDS hostage rescue. What could have happened to him?

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As someone who has spent a significant amount of time in other countries, their country, their laws. Don't like them, don't break them. As a foreigner, you normally would expect to get cut less slack than anyone but a poor person, unless your consul/ambassador is really well-connected and thinks it's worth putting his connectedness on the line for you.

So -- are the civilian contractors hired by the US military in Iraq being briefed in Iraqi law? And do they consider themselves to be ruled by it?

Wendy W.
There is nothing more dangerous than breaking a basic safety rule and getting away with it. It removes fear of the consequences and builds false confidence. (tbrown)

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More to the point of the post - I was vague until I found what I was looking for.
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ARTICLE 13
Prisoners of war must at all times be humanely treated. Any unlawful act or omission by the Detaining Power causing death or seriously endangering the health of a prisoner of war in its custody is prohibited, and will be regarded as a serious breach of the present Convention. In particular, no prisoner of war may be subjected to physical mutilation or to medical or scientific experiments of any kind which are not justified by the medical, dental or hospital treatment of the prisoner concerned and carried out in his interest.

Likewise, prisoners of war must at all times be protected, particularly against acts of violence or intimidation and against insults and public curiosity.

Measures of reprisal against prisoners of war are prohibited.



I would argue that ABC has violated the Geneva convention by airing the pictures of the prisoners, therefore, voiding the protection from public curiosity.

There are other entries - but I am at work and don't have the time at this moment.
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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I'm no expert here, but I would imagine if it were non governmental and non military then normal criminal law would take effect. Civilians are not signitories to the Geneva convention, are they?

It's governments that sign up on behalf of their militaries behavior, I think...

t
It's the year of the Pig.

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I agree, that does seem to be a violation. However, ABC was not responsible for the protection of those prisoners, the military was. The military took the pictures and someone in the military released the pictures to the press. ABC didn't have a duty to protect the prisoners so therefore are not culpable.

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I agree, that does seem to be a violation. However, ABC was not responsible for the protection of those prisoners, the military was. The military took the pictures and someone in the military released the pictures to the press. ABC didn't have a duty to protect the prisoners so therefore are not culpable.



Don't get me wrong - I am not condoning anything that the "guards" did. However - ABC _DOES_ have a responibility to abide by the rules of the geneva convention. Just because they are not "in the military" does not exeonerate them any more than civilian status exonerates treason.

ABC putting those pictures of those prisoners on national TV or any other media outlet committed a clear violation - they should be held responsible and accountable - any reparations should be shared by them as well.
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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So -- are the civilian contractors hired by the US military in Iraq being briefed in Iraqi law? And do they consider themselves to be ruled by it?



What Iraqi law? While there is no government, there is no law. Those guys have an interesting position: They're not really covered by Iraqi law, the UCMJ, or US law (or their home country's law in the case of foreign contractors).

Blues,
Dave
"I AM A PROFESSIONAL EXTREME ATHLETE!"
(drink Mountain Dew)

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Does that mean, then, that there are no laws which pertain to Iraqis either? If so, are murders being punished etc? Only crimes against Americans & other coalition forces?

I'd hate to think that we hired a bunch of people and sent them over without any control but what they exert over themselves (well, that and the threat of either being sent home early without pay, or being left behind). Somehow I don't think that only the bestest, brightest, and most self-controlled are working there as civilian contractors.

Wendy W.
There is nothing more dangerous than breaking a basic safety rule and getting away with it. It removes fear of the consequences and builds false confidence. (tbrown)

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News is protected.

If CBS (BTW, it was CBS 60 Minutes that aired the photos to begin with) had been present at the prison -while- the photos were being taken, then an argument might be made that they were a part of a conspiracy, but the act of airing the photos, in and of itself, is protected by the 1st Amendment.
quade -
The World's Most Boring Skydiver

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So, what you are saying is that the press can commit crimes that people and soldiers can commit and be exempt from it.
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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>ABC putting those pictures of those prisoners on national TV or any
> other media outlet committed a clear violation - they should be held
> responsible and accountable - any reparations should be shared by
> them as well.

Nonsense. If ABC hadn't aired those pictures, people like yourself would be claiming it's all a left wing lie. Publication of those pictures helped put an end to some very serious abuses of innocent men, women and children. The Iraqis are better off as a result. We may not be, but that's our fault - and if our goal there is really to help the Iraqis, making sure they are better off should be our #1 priority.

The Geneva Convention does not apply to US companies that are not actors in the conflict - and the US has a very clear policy about allowing a free press, even when the press might act in ways contrary to the interest of a political party, a government official, or a war effort.

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the press committed no crime by airing the pictures.

IF the photos were a violation of the prisoners' rights (and that has yet to be determined... does the wording of the Geneva Convention apply to photographic material, or strictly to people who are physically there, observing? I'd have to research the legal precedent, and I don't have time right now), the violator is the military who released the photos, not the news broadcasting agency. The news agency, under the first amendment, can print/broadcast what it chooses (barring other restrictions on libel/slander, etc)

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OK, this post isn't in response to your question, but I couldn't see starting another thread entitled "Geneva Convention" immediately above this one. ;)

I was just checking into what laws are currently applicable in Iraq. Part of that included skimming the Fouth Geneva Convention (to which both the US and Iraq are signatories) and I found this:
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Art. 70. Protected persons shall not be arrested, prosecuted or convicted by the Occupying Power for acts committed or for opinions expressed before the occupation, or during a temporary interruption thereof, with the exception of breaches of the laws and customs of war.



Now "Protected Persons" are defined as:
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Art. 4. Persons protected by the Convention are those who, at a given moment and in any manner whatsoever, find themselves, in case of a conflict or occupation, in the hands of a Party to the conflict or Occupying Power of which they are not nationals."



My question is what am I missing. Something leads me to believe the US was within it's rights to hunt for and arrest/kill the folks in that deck of cards, but this suggests otherwise. Anyone know how we got around this?

FYI - That's also where I read this:
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(1) Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention, or any other cause, shall in all circumstances be treated humanely, without any adverse distinction founded on race, colour, religion or faith, sex, birth or wealth, or any other similar criteria.

To this end the following acts are and shall remain prohibited at any time and in any place whatsoever with respect to the above-mentioned persons:
(a) violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture;
(b) taking of hostages;
(c) outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment;
(d) the passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgment pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all the judicial guarantees which are recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples.



Also, in the Third Convention, there was this:
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Article 17

Every prisoner of war, when questioned on the subject, is bound to give only his surname, first names and rank, date of birth, and army, regimental, personal or serial number, or failing this, equivalent information. If he wilfully infringes this rule, he may render himself liable to a restriction of the privileges accorded to his rank or status.

Each Party to a conflict is required to furnish the persons under its jurisdiction who are liable to become prisoners of war, with an identity card showing the owner's surname, first names, rank, army, regimental, personal or serial number or equivalent information, and date of birth. The identity card may, furthermore, bear the signature or the fingerprints, or both, of the owner, and may bear, as well, any other information the Party to the conflict may wish to add concerning persons belonging to its armed forces. As far as possible the card shall measure 6.5 x 10 cm. and shall be issued in duplicate. The identity card shall be shown by the prisoner of war upon demand, but may in no case be taken away from him.

No physical or mental torture, nor any other form of coercion, may be inflicted on prisoners of war to secure from them information of any kind whatever. Prisoners of war who refuse to answer may not be threatened, insulted, or exposed to any unpleasant or disadvantageous treatment of any kind.

Prisoners of war who, owing to their physical or mental condition, are unable to state their identity, shall be handed over to the medical service. The identity of such prisoners shall be established by all possible means, subject to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

The questioning of prisoners of war shall be carried out in a language which they understand.



Anyhow, I thought these were interesting. I was listening to Glenn Beck on my way to work this morning and he was trying to rationalize some of the treatment as "not torture." As signatories to the Convention, forget torture, we're not allowed to expose them to "unpleasant or disadvantageous" treatment of any sort as a method of soliciting information. Unless of course, I'm wrong. :P

Blues,
Dave
"I AM A PROFESSIONAL EXTREME ATHLETE!"
(drink Mountain Dew)

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The Geneva Convention does not apply to US companies that are not actors in the conflict - and the US has a very clear policy about allowing a free press, even when the press might act in ways contrary to the interest of a political party, a government official, or a war effort.



None of the reporters or camera men or anyone else employed by ABC had weapons and would not defend themselves with one?
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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>None of the reporters or camera men or anyone else employed by
>ABC had weapons and would not defend themselves with one?

Who knows? They are certainly not part of the military effort. I assume you would scream in rigtheous indignation if anyone tried to remove their weapons before they entered into a war zone, so I suspect some had them.

But then again, a lot of people here have weapons, and some have been to Iraq; some have even posted pictures. Should they be prohibited from posting?

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If the photos happen to be of active prisoners - then yes - they should, and be held accountable as well.
I'm not usually into the whole 3-way thing, but you got me a little excited with that. - Skymama
BTR #1 / OTB^5 Official #2 / Hellfish #408 / VSCR #108/Tortuga/Orfun

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Since the US do not recognise the World Court in The Hauge, it's essencial that their military police themselves.



I had to point this out: Even among the countries that Do recognize the World Court, they too have the responsability to police the actions of their troups.

It's only when the country does not police their own troups, does the country itself get pulled into The Hague.

_Am
__

You put the fun in "funnel" - craichead.

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So, what you are saying is that the press can commit crimes that people and soldiers can commit and be exempt from it.



No. What I's saying is that unless the press is specifically in cahoots with the government (a pure propaganda tool), then airing the footage is not a crime.

Tokyo Rose, for instance, was convicted of war crimes because she worked for the government.

Edward R Murrow wasn't a war criminal because he worked for CBS -- not the government.
quade -
The World's Most Boring Skydiver

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